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It’s a dilemma anyone who has worn a bandage has faced: How can you tell if a wound is healing without taking off the dressing and potentially damaging delicate new skin?

A different kind of ‘smart’ bandage described in Frontiers in Physics could provide a promising, non-invasive answer. It contains a sensor that measures wound moisture levels and transmits readings to a phone, without removing bandages. By changing bandage geometry and materials, researchers hope to develop solutions for various wound types. Spanish researchers applied a conductive polymer called poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) onto gauze using screen printing, and then incorporated the gauze into commercially available bandage materials.

“We also incorporated a cheap, disposable and bandage-compatible RFID tag, similar to those used for clothing security tags, into the textile patch,” said co-author Marta Tessarolo, Ph.D., a mechanical engineer with the University of Bologna.

The tag wirelessly communicates moisture-level data, alerting clinicians of a needed dressing change.