This program focuses on managing diabetic ketoacidosis in adults. Objectives are being able to describe what happens when glucagon is released in the liver, identify the most common stressor in patients with a hyperglycemic crisis and understanding the role of fluid resuscitation in managing diabetic ketoacidosis.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, primarily due to the effects of heart disease and stroke. Learn about optimal management of hyperglycemia and hypertension in diabetes as it relates to cardiovascular disease prevention.

This program examines symptoms of giant cell arteritis, an inflammatory disorder that primarily affects seniors. Clinicians should know available treatment options for symptoms and vision-loss prevention.

Nutritional vitamin D deficiency (measured as serum 25OH vitamin D) is very common in both the general population and in patients with all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Besides the known role of vitamin D in the regulation of bone and mineral homeostasis, it is now clear that this molecule also has pleiotropic roles that affect a variety of physiologic processes such as blood pressure regulation, cell proliferation, and the modulation of inflammation.

An estimated 1 million U.S. adults have Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that affects motor and cognitive function and significantly impairs quality of life. Neurologists, gerontologists, primary care physicians, and other clinicians comprise a multidisciplinary team collaborating to improve outcomes for patients with PD. Underlying competency and knowledge gaps in the management of PD continue to exist among clinicians who treat patients with PD. The root causes underlying knowledge and clinical practice gaps include clinician time constraints and the need for broader dissemination of emerging data on the management of PD.

Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the U.S. It is also a leading cause of serious, long-term disability and is expected to cost $68.9 billion in direct and indirect costs in the U. S. in 2009. Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a cardiac disorder characterized by cardiac arrhythmia and the absence of coordinated contractions, increases the risk for blood stasis, clot formation, and embolic stroke. This enduring CME activity is designed to provide up-to-date information and guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. The program has been designed to provide a balance of expert-driven and learner-directed education.

Hypogonadism affects 2-4 million men in the United States, but because of the nonspecific nature of the symptoms, most men do not complain, and the condition remains underdiagnosed.